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上海水质污染

发布时间: 2020-12-21 10:25:41

㈠ 黄浦江水污染的原因

原因分析:
水质变化主要受区域内的工业污染源、农业污染源和生活污染源等影响。另外,黄浦江水系承接约80%的太湖泄水量,上游来水水质对黄浦江水系水质变化也有至关重要的影响。
1) 工业及生活污染源
近20年来,上海市的废水总量基本稳定,但其构成发生了显著变化,工业废水量不断下降,而生活污水量不断上升.
1.1工业废水
工业废水是水体有机物污染和重金属污染的主要来源[6]。1991—1996年,工业废水量大于生活污水量,呈缓慢下降趋势,年均下降3.0%;1996—2005年,工业废水量小于生活污水量,呈快速下降趋势,年均下降8.5%,与水质污染指数之间呈极显著的正相关关系(r=0.892,P≤0.01),即工业废水量的快速下降是该时期内水质改善的主要影响因素。2005—2010年,工业废水量占总废水量的比例开始小于25%,呈缓慢下降趋势
1996—2005年,工业废水达标排放率明显上升,未达标排放量逐年下降,成为水质改善的主要影响因素;2005—2010年,达标排放率和未达标排放量基本稳定。
随着工业废水量的下降及废水处理能力的加强,工业对水体的污染贡献不断减小,黄浦江水系的有机物和重金属等污染得到有效控制。
1.2生活污水
1991—1996年,上海市生活污水量从6.33亿t激增至11.44亿t,年增长率达到12.6%,为
该阶段内水质恶化的原因之一(r=0.506,P>0.05);1996—2003年,生活污水量基本稳定,为该时期水质改善创造了必要的条件;2003—2010年,生活污水量再次快速上升,从12.11亿t上升至21.15亿t,加大了水质改善的难度。
生活污水中氮、磷等物质浓度较高,上海市的生活污水中,氨氮平均质量浓度可达30~50mg/L,总磷质量浓度可达3~5mg/L。虽然生活污水处理率逐年提高,但相对于工业废水,上海市生活污水处理率相对偏低,生活污水量的增加使黄浦江水系的营养盐物质污染有加重趋势。

2农业污染源
农业污染主要由农田化肥流失和畜禽养殖产生的粪便造成,可分别用化肥施用量和畜牧业产值来表征。畜牧业污染以高氮磷为特征,主要的污染载体为畜禽粪尿,为上海市首要的农业污染来源。1986—1996年,上海市畜牧业产值呈逐年增长趋势,与水质污染指数变化之间呈极显著的正相关关系(r=0.792,P≤0.01),即畜牧业污是造成该阶段内水质恶化的主要因素;1996年后畜牧业产值基本稳定,并在2003年后出现一定的下降趋势,为水质改善创造了必要的条件。
近20年来,化肥施用量呈缓慢下降趋势,年均下降4.0%,与水质污染指数变化趋势无明显相关性,化肥施用量并非影响黄浦江水系水质的主要因素。

3上游来水
近年来,上游来水总体水质变化可分为3个阶段。第一阶段(2002年前),上游来水总体水质基本稳定,各条来水水质均优于杨浦大桥断面;第二阶段(2002—2004年),各条来水水质均急速恶化,拦路港、太浦河、大蒸港和胥浦塘来水的水质污染指数分别上升62.1%、62.6%、40.4%和40.3%,杨浦大桥断面与各条来水之间综合水质差异明显缩小,部分来水水质(胥浦塘来水)已劣于杨浦大桥断面;第三阶段(2004—2010年),水质呈缓慢改善趋势。

㈡ 现在上海水质怎么样

市场还是有的,上海喝的全是黄浦江过滤的水很脏的,只要肯下功夫开拓,市场还是很大的

㈢ 上海的水质最近怎么了、

可能是管子里面的涂层味,也可能是氯气(或氯化物)味。 建议等水开后,将壶盖打开,再烧一分多钟,就没异味了。

麻烦采纳,谢谢!

㈣ 上海水资源污染情况

上海的水资源短缺,主要源于以下几个原因:一,上海人口众多,所以人均水资源量很小。上海水资源总量虽然有26.9亿立方米,但上海的人均水资源量只有201.2立方米;二、绝对用水量大。由于工商业发达,工业、商业、生活用水数量惊人;三、可用水源稀少。流经上海的水源,上游在江浙地区,也是人口密集,加上上海本地,水源被污染情况严重。

㈤ 请详细描述上海主要污染源

sea temperatures will kill the coral reefs
Ecological conservation group World Wide Fund for Nature said in a report, if we do not take effective measures to biodiversity of coral reefs in Southeast Asia will disappear this century, destroying the coastal economy. World Ocean Conference in Sulawesi's horse was held over. This report just in meeting baked. It was noted that nothing would be a laissez-faire steady increase in water temperature, and kill the coral reefs.
The impact on marine ecosystems
There are many facts indicate that the marine ecosystems in Europe by rising temperatures and sea water temperature effects, in the past, some of the organic organization in the course of their seasonal cycle appears to be earlier than the general situation.
For example, there is a full larvae in the North Sea, is located at the bottom of the marine food chain organisms, the researchers found that the larvae of the busy period before 1958, earlier than 4-6 weeks, which may directly affect this larvae-eating the survival of fish and birds.
Seasonal cycle time change would affect the ecology of the system of biological interactions, and even affect the structure of the marine food chain, including:
Affect the output of North Sea cod;
Rection in the number of seabirds;
An increase in temperature will expand marine fish and plankton in the north extension of the rate of expansion depends on the diversity of marine life, usually 30-100 km per year.
Marine organisms to environmental changes could lead to bio-genetic aspects of adaptability, but the current rate of climate change will hinder such adaptation, because genetic changes need a lot of generations of breeding can be achieved.

Ocean cradle "algae farm" to rece the size of one of two into the causes of the rise in sea temperature?
Around the coast of Japan, called the sea of forest, "algae farm" area, with an average rection of more than 90 years into two. The result is a marine Foundation Institute for Environmental Studies commissioned by the Fisheries Agency has done a survey derived. The source pointed out, recing algae field of marine biodiversity loss is directly linked to, but also with salamander snail, abalone, fish and other fishery resources.

Algae field is widely distributed along the lush growth of algae and seagrass areas. Is a variety of seafood hotbed of biotechnology has played a spawning, fertility "cradle" functions.

The survey combined the state and the autonomous bodies, etc. from 2000 to 20008 was published against the algae area has the latest survey results, and the same year the Environment Agency on the implementation of the 1989-1991 annual survey data obtained were compared.

The results showed that data sets of Hokkaido to Okinawa to about 83.8 thousand hectares of the algae farm, the equivalent of 2 into an area of approximately 18.5 thousand hectares of algae farm disappeared. Is even worse is that the Pacific coast of Shizuoka Prefecture, west of Kyushu in the West Bank area to play, the algae area has reced by nearly 4 into.

A rection in algae area has many causes, the causes are concerned that rising sea temperatures tendency to eat sea urchins and other biological damage caused by algae withered and so on.

Summarizes the findings of the Central Institute of Marine Biology Prize for the Environment Research Institute (Chiba Prefecture) in Thailand starring in this autumn researcher, said: "algae farms and tidal flats with the support of Japan's rich marine life. Algal area has reced the number 2 as I am afraid living there would cause great variety of biological effects. ".

Prevalence rate of increase in global marine bio
It is reported that Cornell University researchers in the 20th century, 70 years since the nine categories the number of marine organisms and disease state of development were compared. They found that: sea turtles, corals, marine mammals and sea urchins and oysters and other mollusks, the incidence rate continues to rise, sharks, shrimp and sea relatively stable incidence of Plastic Packaging Materials, fish, the incidence rate decreased slightly.

Research shows that whales and seals have been a new virus infections, fungal infections e to a large area of coral death, and the carrying viruses and parasites sardines are on the oysters, scallops and clams pose a threat.

The researchers said the resulting increase in incidence of marine organisms for many reasons, the most likely reason is that global warming caused by rising sea surface temperatures. For example, sea-level rise in temperature caused by coral bleaching, to make it easier to be infected. At the same time, global warming has also led to mollusk parasites migrate northward, threatening the northern sea creatures.

Another major reason may be the human overfishing destroyed the marine ecosystem stability. For example, after the death of the Caribbean sea urchins, sea urchins, algae on the survival of food submerged coral, the coral infection.

㈥ 上海的水质怎么样

一,优质不可能,但是,没有问题。
二,若三楼以上,用的是水箱的水,就更会结垢。
三,与水管也有关系……

㈦ 上海水质是否被污染

水质污染来源主要复是工业废水、农业制面源、生活污水、还有大气沉降、底泥污染等方面。
上海属于太湖流域,处于长江下游,现在太湖来水、长江来水都是受到上游一定程度污染的。所以上海本身的水质就不太好。加上上海当地的工农业及生活污染,水质污染现象就更严重了。
上海的自来水一直味道比较大,以前主要的水源是来自黄浦江上游,现在直接到长江口的青草沙取水了,水质稍有改善。

㈧ 上海的水质很不好

未必是水的问题,你洗头还不是用水?何况洗头用的水一般是烧过水.
我觉得是空气专质量问题,上海扬尘污染很属严重,随便出去一会就会发现鼻孔里都是黑的脏东西.
我也是这样,一天不洗头要死人的,油性头发的人一天不洗都油在一起了,自身因素也有一定原因,不过我去外地那些农村,头发就没那么夸张了.

㈨ 上海水质最差的地方

工业区的都好不到哪去,全是工业污水,能不污染吗

㈩ 上海水质发黄是怎么回事

发黄?不是吧我住那么多年怎么没事~是不是水箱不干净啊~上海水质是没有外地好啦,不过细菌应该不至于吧~牙龈出血不是上火的问题吗~你大概刚来上海水土不服

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