服务合同翻译

① 合同翻译有哪些注意事项

合同翻译注意事项。合同本身就是一种很严谨的文体，特别是对于英文合同，更是需要考虑很多细节。本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例，从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。

一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词

商务合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现，这种公文语惯用副词通常被普通词语所代替，从而影响到译文的质量。

实际上，这种公文语惯用副词为数并不多，而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由here、there、where等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with等副词，构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如：

从此以后、今后：hereafter；
此后、以后：thereafter；在其上：thereon、thereupon；在其下：thereunder；对于这个：hereto；对于那个：whereto；在上文：herein
above、herein before；在下文：herein after、herein below；在上文中、在上一部分中：therein
before；在下文中、在下一部分中：thereinafter．

现用两个实例，说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。

例1：本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder.

例2：下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。The undersigned
hereby agrees that the new procts whereto this trade name is more
appropriate are made in China.

二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语

英译商务合同时，常常由于选词不当而致词不达意或者意思模棱两可，有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的七对词语，用典型实例论述如下。

2.1 shipping advice 与 shipping instructions

shipping advice
是“装运通知”，是由出口商（卖主）发给进口商（买主）的。然而 shipping instructions
则是“装运须知”，是进口商（买主）发给出口商（卖主）的。另外要注意区分 vendor（卖主）与
vendee（买主），consignor（发货人）与 consignee（收货人）。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。

2.2 abide by 与 comply with

abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思．但是当主语是“人”时，英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时，则用 comply with 英译“遵守”。

例 3：双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。

Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.

2.3 change A to B 与 change A into B

英译“把 A 改为 B”用“change A to B”，英译“把 A 折合成/兑换成 B”用“change A into B”，两者不可混淆。

例 4：交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。

Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.

2.4 ex 与 per

源自拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 ex，由某轮船“运走”的货物用 Per，而由某轮船“承运”用 by。

例 5：由“维多利亚”轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1 日抵达伦敦。

The last batch per/ex/by S.S. Victoria will arrive at London on October (S.S. = Steamship)

2.5 in 与 after

当英译“多少天之后”的时间时，往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天，所以必须用介词 in，而不能用 after，因为介词 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。

例 6：该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出，41 天后抵达鹿特丹港。

The good shall be shipped per M.V. Dong Feng
on November 10 and are e to arrive at Rotterdam in 140 days. (M.V.=
motor vessel)

2.6 on/upon 与 after

当英译“……到后，就……”时，用介词 on/upon，而不用 after，因为 after 表示“之后”的时间不明确。

例 7：发票货值须货到付给。

The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.

2.7 by 与 before

当英译终止时间时，比如“在某月某日之前”，如果包括所写日期时，就用介词 by；如果不包括所写日期，即指到所写日期的前一天为止，就要用介词 before。

例 8：卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。

The vendor shall deliver the goods to the
vendee by June 15.(or: before June 16，说明含 6 月 15 日在内。如果不含 6 月 15 日，就译为
by June 14 或者 before June 15。)

三、慎重处理合同的关键细目

实践证明，英译合同中容易出现差错的地方，一般来说，不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目。比如：金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错，在英译合同时，常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。

3.1 限定责任

众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围，常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。

3.1.1 and/or

常用and/or英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容，这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。

例9：如果上述货物对船舶和（或）船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负全责The
shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship
and/or cargo on board.

3.1.2 by and between

常用by and between强调合同是由“双方”签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋予的责任。

例10：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。This Contract
is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer
agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under mentioned
commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.

3.2 限定时间

英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。

3.2.1 双介词

用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。

例11；自9月2O日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。Party A shall be
unauthorized to accept any order sort to collect any account on and
after September 20.

例12：我公司的条件是，3个月内，即不得晚于5月1日，支付现金。Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1.

3.2.2not(no) later than

用“not(no) later than+日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。

例13：本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于12月15日，你方须将货物装船。Party B
shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this
Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.

3.2.3 include的相应形式

常用include的相应形式：inclusive、including和included，来限定含当日在内的时间。

例14：本证在北京议付，有效期至1月1日。This credit expires
till January 1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or: This credit
expires till and including January1 for negotiation in
Beijing.)如果不包括1月1日在内，英译为till and not including January 1。

3.3 限定金额

为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改，英译时常用以下措施严格把关。

3.3.1.大写文字重复金额

英译金额须在小写之后，在括号内用大写文字重复该金额，即使原文合同中没有大写，英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”，意为“大写”；在最后加上“ONLY”。意思为“整”。必须注意：小写与大写的金额数量要一致。

例16：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元500元整。Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).

3.3.2.正确使用货币符号

英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币；而“￡”不仅代表“英镑”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币。

必须注意：当金额用数字书写时，金额数字必须紧靠货币符号，例如：Can$891,568 不能写成：Can$891,568。另外，翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点(.)还是分节号(,)，因为这两个符号极易引起笔误，稍有疏忽，其后果是不堪设想的。

② 翻译“合同”

Contract side:
The party of the first part:
Second party:

(Hereafter refers to as the party of the first part second party) because hires the relations to be as follows after the mutual consent agreement provision:

1st, the party of the first part hires the second party to hold the post of __________ the _ ty, the salary is __________ the _ Renminbi.After hires serves, the inspection, is promoted, is transferred to another post, the bonus, the leave of absence, the medical service, comforts and aids a bereaved family, the property, the retirement and so on all defers to the party of the first part's stipulation and government's related law execution.

2nd, hires the time, the test time _ date gets up from __________ _ year __ _ month __ to __________ _ year __ _ month __ _ date stops (hires time take the __ _ year as principle, test time handles 3, the second party

according to agreement) participates in the party of the first part company the work, must observe the party of the first part all stipulations, fulfills ty fulfills responsibility.

4th, the second party wants to strictly observe the party of the first part company secret, if has violates, must take in legal the responsibility.

5th, the second party to the party of the first part's equipment, the property should defend the loving care, if has the destruction, regards the plot weight, compensates or the repair, and as dossier.As soon as after 6th, the second party passes through the party of the first part to hire, should according to the agreement work, not have the midway to break a promise, because but the job performance is not good, the personal character is not good, the party of the first part may dismiss the second party as necessary, the party of the first part does not lose any responsibility.
7th, the second party like will be dismissed or the automatic request leaves job, already approved, will be supposed prompt to handle the document, to have control over the belongings and the service 11 confession is clear, if had losing or resists the junction, should take in legal the responsibility.

8th, this contract becomes effective after the armor second grade both sides signature, type two, armor second grade both sides hold one respectively.

The party of the first part: Signing representative: Stamping:
Second party: Stamping:
Address:
ID card number:
__________ _ year __ _ month __ _ date

③ 合同翻译

This agreement's any change, the revision must the mutual consent and sign the written Italian square for effective, because the change agreement causes a side to suffer the loss, should compensate by the responsible party. this agreement relieved ahead of time should not affect both sides to relieve ahead of time in this agreement acted according to this agreement the other day already the right which and the ty proces. both sides has the dispute on this agreement related matters concerned, should first through the friendly consultative way solution. If both sides consult do not have the fruit, then the bilateral common consent signs the court through the agreement by the form of action form solution. The lawsuit carries on the process, besides disputes the item, both sides should continue to fulfill this agreement stipulation other provisions.

④ 合同翻译

The supplier's technical specification book and physical properties list confirmed by both sides,the supplier must notify the acquirer in written form if the supplier has any modification on the technical specification book and physical properties list.And it won't become effective until the stamp is done by both sides.The pre-delivery inspection report and the warranty book should be attached to every parcel of goods to be delivered.Meanwhile,the good delivered by the supplier(***) must obey the environmental requirement of the ROHS Directive.

LZ：打***号的是正料，我网上查了一下，其意思是可作正规用途的材料
，所以我翻译成了materials for regular use.如不对请Hi我。

希望能帮上你！！

⑤ 合同翻译

1. Cargoes of payment: prepaid ￥ RMB as a contract deposit and the balance paid before shipment ￥ Yuan.

2. Delivery date and mode of freight movement: the day after payment Daozhang shipping freight companies.

3. In the contract had not been put into operation, the demand-side For a change must be notified in writing for the party, supplier shall actively cooperate with; if it has been put into operation,

Make every effort to meet the supply side, but the resulting economic losses, demand-side should be given compensation.

4. For a party that failure to make delivery on the supply-side warehouse caused the backlog of compensation payments under the contract of 1% / day calculated.

5. Not tried this contract issues, both sides should be resolved through consultation; unsuccessful negotiations, the contract may apply to the people's court of arbitration.
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