浙江違規艾滋病

1. 國家衛計委徹查「浙江中醫院艾滋感染」事件是怎麼回事

2月3日、12日，李斌先後主持召開專題會議，指出醫療安全關系群眾生命健康，容不得半點麻痹疏忽。要本著對人民健康高度負責的態度，高度重視事件處置工作，加強對當地的指導和督促，組織專家細化診療方案，盡最大努力減少傷害。對負有責任的單位和人員絕不姑息，依法依規嚴肅處理和問責。並要求舉一反三，正視問題，進一步加強全國醫療機構內部管理，嚴密制度，狠抓落實，嚴格規范操作。

2月7日，國家衛生計生委召開由全國各省、市、縣三級衛生計生委相關工作負責同志和全國二級以上醫院院長參加的視頻會議進行部署。要求各級衛生計生行政部門和醫療機構切實提高醫療安全意識，深刻汲取教訓，落實醫療安全質量主體責任，加強制度建設，突出管理重點，進一步加強醫療安全管理和風險防範工作。各級衛生計生行政部門和辦醫主體要切實履行監管職責，建立醫療安全責任追究機制，加大監管工作力度。同時，開展醫療安全專項整頓活動，針對質量、安全和服務中存在的突出問題和薄弱環節，全面整頓質量安全風險並持續改進，切實保障人民群眾健康。

2. 浙江省艾滋病有多少

截至年6月底，已報告艾滋病感染126808例，艾滋病病人28789人，艾滋病蔓延呈上升趨勢，已經成為人類公共衛生的一個嚴重威脅。

3. 如何看待浙江重大醫療事故致多人感染艾滋病

浙江省衛計委通報，1月26日下午，該省衛計委接到浙江省中醫院報告，該院一名技術人員違反「一人一管一拋棄」操作規程，在操作中重復使用吸管造成交叉污染，導致部分治療者感染艾滋病病毒，造成重大醫療事故。經疾控機構檢測，確診5例。目前，有關部門已對省中醫院相關責任人做出嚴肅處理。直接責任人以涉嫌醫療事故罪，由公安機關啟動立案偵查，並已採取刑事強制措施。
浙江醫院人員違規操作5人感染艾滋病！1月26日，浙江中醫院一名技術人員違反「一人一管一拋棄」操作規程，在操作中重復使用吸管造成交叉污染，導致部分治療者感染艾滋病病毒，造成重大醫療事故。經疾控機構檢測，確診5例。目前公安機關已立案偵查。
通報全文如下：
1月26日下午，我委接到浙江省中醫院報告，因該院一位技術人員在某次技術操作中嚴重違反規程，該次操作涉及的治療者可能存在感染艾滋病病毒風險。
我委對此高度重視，迅速成立調查處置領導小組及專家工作組，立即組織有關單位和專家開展調查和處置工作，緊中國對涉及的全部治療者進行血液篩查，並啟動相關責任人調查追責工作。
經查，此次傳染源為一名治療者在治療過程中因個人原因在醫院外感染艾滋病病毒，浙江省中醫院一名技術人員違反「一人一管一拋棄」操作規程，在操作中重復使用吸管造成交叉污染，導致部分治療者感染艾滋病病毒，造成重大醫療事故。經疾控機構檢測，確診5例。

省委、省政府高度重視，主要領導對此事多次做出指示批示，要求本著對人民健康高度負責的態度，全力做好感染者治療、關懷等工作，依法依規嚴肅查處責任人。
我委已組織專家根據感染者具體情況採取了規范化治療和相應的干預措施，並責成有關單位全力做好感染者的關懷和賠償等後續工作。同時，舉一反三，在全省范圍內開展醫療安全大排查，認真檢查和嚴格規范醫療操作管理，堅決防止類似事件發生。
目前，有關部門已對省中醫院相關責任人做出嚴肅處理：免去院長的行政職務和黨委副書記職務，給予黨內嚴重警告處分；免去黨委書記的黨內職務和副院長的行政職務；撤銷分管副院長職務，免去其黨委委員並給予黨內嚴重警告處分；撤銷檢驗科主任職務；免去醫務部主任職務；免去院感科科長職務。
直接責任人以涉嫌醫療事故罪，由公安機關立案偵查，並已採取刑事強制措施。
中國友評論：
薛之謙的小逗比：毀了人家的一生啊[傷心]
藍胖子小羊羊：這名技術人員可以槍斃么
Jessie君君_：省中醫？！大醫院啊！我靠！！！
張小荢荢：責任感哪裡去了！害人害己啊
被流放的文藝犯：這幾個人回家在和老婆嘿咻一下，老婆恰好又有情人，沒准不止一個，情人再和情人的老婆嘿咻一下，情人的老婆沒准還有情人……如此一來，想想好可怕。
藝生L：哎，苦的是無辜的人，那人槍斃了，也就完了，那些受傷害的人可是一輩子的事！
osoo9
：
同樣為技術人員，雖然拿著不高的工資，但在工作中我無愧於心，堅決不偷懶，因為我知道我的工作關乎一個家庭的幸福和別人的性命。
FERNUCL
：
我覺得技術人員是背鍋的
彭冉-1992：這比殺人都嚴重，毀滅的是五個家庭。
啊樹樹樹樹樹樹樹：技術人員千刀萬剮都死不足惜！還有我想說，有的gay自己在gay圈濫交就算了，還來禍害女性？騙婚的垃圾都死吧！
焱的妮妮：恐怖呀！花錢去看病，結果要送命！
酒煮核彈頭
：
感覺應該不止這一家醫院有這種行為，應該好好整頓

4. 浙江省衛計委的2016年艾滋病疫情文件在哪裡

可以來直接在網上收到自，原文或文件你可以咨詢相關部門。截至2016年10月底，浙江省累計報告艾滋病感染者和病人27090例，死亡1969例，現住址在浙江且存活的艾滋病感染者和病人（HIV/AIDS）19084例，其中感染者11282例，病人7802例。2016年1-10月，全省新報告發現艾滋病感染者和病人4084例，較去年同期增長5.7%；報告死亡284例，較去年同期增長28.4%。杭州市累計報告艾滋病病毒感染者和病人7085例，其中艾滋病病人2702例，死亡登記655例。2016年1-10月，杭州市新報告艾滋病感染者和病人1017例。如因為發生了高危行為之類的而擔心，可以檢測一下，天，瞄的愛。衛可以幫您，唾液檢測試紙、儲存器，20分鍾出檢測結果，祝您健康！

5. 浙江哪裡有做艾滋病檢測的地方要求檢測結果要保密，能電話查詢檢測結果

浙江艾滋病咨詢檢測服務部,聯系方式我記不清楚了，他們那裡是做艾滋病咨詢和檢測的，不要登記名字，他們是登記編號的，檢測結果你電話里只要說你的編號就可以查詢檢測結果

6. 浙江艾滋病怎麼申請葯物

當地的疾控就有

我國實施的「四免一關懷」政策是：1、對農民和城鎮經濟困難人群專中的艾屬滋病患者實行免費抗病毒葯物治療；2、在艾滋病流行重點地區實施免費自願咨詢和血液檢測；3、中國對艾滋病患者的孤兒實行免費上學；4、對艾滋病綜合防治示範區的孕婦實施免費艾滋病咨詢、篩查和抗病毒葯物治療，減少母嬰傳播。一關懷是家庭和社區要為艾滋病病人及感染者營造一個友善、理解和健康的生活和工作環境，鼓勵他們採取積極的生活態度、改變高危行為、配合治療。如果沒有身份證也沒有戶口本，那要看現在所在地是否為原籍，如果在原籍，可先到所在地居委會和派出所開出證明，證明是那個轄區的居民，然後到所在地的疾控中心進行HIV抗體檢測，拿到檢測結果後連同證明一起到當地免費葯物領取處登記，一般情況下可以領取到葯物。如果是異地的話比較麻煩，需拿到原籍居委會和派出所出具的證明，之後在暫住地的居委會和派出所開出證明，一般異地的疾控中心不太願意為非本地的艾滋病患者進行檢測，要求回原籍，因此在原籍疾控中心開出檢測通知在異地的醫院不一定能領取。

7. 浙江艾滋病有名單嗎

僅供參考

治療艾滋病偏方

艾滋病是通過性傳播、母嬰傳播、輸血傳播方式進專行傳播。

教屬學視頻指出，艾滋病可以嘗試在委中穴點刺放血：
患者，雙手扶牆，腳尖著地；醫生做好消毒,戴上手套，利用放血針（可以利用測血糖的放血針），在委中穴點刺放血，利用拔罐器把瘀血抽出來，直到見到新鮮血液為止。委中穴是解毒大穴。
中醫強調治症不治病，雖然身體還有病毒，但是，只要症狀能夠解除，不影響正常生活和工作，就可以了。
需要強調：醫生，一定要做好消毒、保護，防止病毒感染。

另外，可以把艾滋病作為一種疫病，嘗試五苓散；五苓散是用來治療疫病的。

8. 浙江省有艾滋病的犯人在哪個監獄服刑

治療艾滋病偏方

艾滋病可以嘗試在委中穴點刺放血：
患者，雙手扶內牆，腳尖著地；醫生做好容消毒，戴上手套，利用放血針（可以利用測血糖的放血針），在委中穴點刺放血，利用拔罐器把淤血抽出來，直到見到新鮮血液為止。委中穴是解毒大穴。
中醫強調治症不治病，雖然身體還有病毒，但是，只要症狀能夠解除，不影響正常生活和工作，就可以了。
需要強調：醫生，一定要做好消毒、保護，防止病毒感染。

9. 浙江中醫院違規操作致5名患者被感染艾滋，你怎麼看

舞茸β-葡聚糖對HIV（艾滋病）病人的效果

Effects of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) gulcan in HIV-infected patients

【摘要翻譯】

為評估一種從舞茸中提取的β-葡聚糖MD-Fraction（舞茸D-fraction）對艾滋病（HIV）感染病人的效果，進行了長期的實驗。參與實驗的HIV感染者被跟蹤監測CD4+ 細胞計數，病毒載量，艾滋病感染症狀，繼發病狀況，以及健康狀態。20位患者的CD4+細胞計數增加到原來的1.4-1.8倍，8位患者降低到原來的0.8-0.5倍。9位病人的病毒載量增加，10位降低。盡管如此，85%的受試者對於HIV引起的症狀和繼發病的感覺變好，這表明舞茸D-fraction對於艾滋病HIV患者具有積極的影響。

關鍵詞：抗HIV活性，CD4+細胞，舞茸，IL-2，MD-Fraction

註：CD4+細胞是人體免疫系統中的一種重要免疫細胞，由於艾滋病病毒攻擊對象是CD4+細胞，所以其檢測結果對艾滋病治療效果的判斷和對患者免疫功能的判斷有重要作用。

【論文原文】

Effects of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) gulcan in HIV-infected patients

Hiroaki Nanba1)*, Noriko Kodama1), Douglas Schar 2) and Denise Turner 2)

1)Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1,

Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, kobe 658-8558, Japan
2)Herbal Clinical Research, 140 Columbia Road, London E2 7RG, U.K.

The effects of MD-Fraction, a β-glucan extracted from Maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa)，on the health status of indivials suffering from HIV infection were evaluated in a long-term trial. The HIV status of the 35 respondents who participated in the study was followed by monitoring CD4+ cell counts, viral load measure, sympotoms of HIV infection, status of secondary disease, and sense of well-being. Twenty patients reported to increase in CD4+ cell counts to 1.4-1.8 times, and 8 patients reported a decrease to 0.8-0.5 times. Viral load was reported to increase in 9 patients and decrease in 10 patients. However, 85% of respondents reported an increased sense of well-being with regard to various symptoms and secondary diseases caused by HIV. These results suggest that Maitake D-Fraction had a positive impact in HIV patients.
Key Words :anti-HIV activity; CD4+ cell; Grifola frondosa (Maitake); IL-2; MD-Fraction

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV infection, which attacks helper T cells (CD4+ cells) and decreases the body』s immunity. In 1991, we studied the effect of a Grifola frondosa S.F. Gray (Maitake) extract, named MD-Fraction on HIV, which is believed to be a cause of AIDS. Sulfated MD-Fraction was found to prevent HIV from killing helper T (CD4+) cells: almost 100% of CD4+ cells survived challenge by HIV at concentrations of sulfated MD-Fraction of around 1 pg/ml, and the results were presented in an abstract paper at the 8th International AIDS conference in Amsterdam in July 1992. National Institute of Health and National Cancer Institute in U.S.A. also confirmed the anti-HIV activity of the sulfated form of MD-Fraction. NCI doctors have recognized that the sulfated MD-Fraction is the most effective among all anti-HIV polysaccharides known to date and is as powerful as the drug azidothymidine (AZT). However, the sulfated MD-Fraction has the strong side-effect of toxicity to cells in vivo. On the other hand, we have reported that a β1,6-glucan having a β 1,3-branched chain (named MD-Fraction) can enhance immunocompent cell activities (Hishida et al., 1988; Nanba et al., 1987; Nanba et al., 1993).In this paper, we report that Maitake appears to work on several levels in HIV conditions, by (a) direct inhibition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), (b) stimulation of the body』s own natural defense system against HIV, and (c) making the body less vulnerable to opportunistic disease.

Materials and Methods：

Preparation of Maitake tablets Tablets containing 250 mg of dried Maitake powder(φ200 μm) and 5 mg of vitamin C were prepared with a tabloid machine.Preparation of MD-Fraction Dried Maitake powder (500 g) was autclaved with 3,000 ml of distilled water at 120℃for 60 min, and the water-soluble layer obtained was saturated with the same volume of ethanol at 4℃for 12 h. After removal of floating material, this ethanol solution was saturated to 80% with ethanol and stored at 4℃for 10 h. The pellet obtained by centrifugation at 5,000×g for 20 min was suspended in a small volume of distilled water and protein was removed by passage through a DEAE-cellulofine column (4×80cm). Finally 1 g of purified MD-Fraction was prepared.
Detection of virions The HIV genome is known to have nine genes, three expressing structural protein and six expressing regulating protein. Anti-HIV-Env antibody was proced in blood from 10 wk to 12 yr after HIV infection. The coagulation test of antigen was performed with HIV-Env antibody collected from blood. Viral loads were counted in 50-μl portions of patients』 serum.Detection of interleukin-2 (IL-2) Proction of IL-2 in blood was detected with IL-2 ELISA Kit Intertest-2X (Genzyme Co. U.S.A.)Counting of CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells CD4+ cells were counted by flow cytometric analysis after treatment of 10 μl of blood with CD4+- monoclonal antibody (Cytovax Biotechologies Inc.) The count of CD8+ cells was obtained by subtracting the CD4+ cell count from the total count of T cells determined by flow cytometric analysis.
Administration of Maitake A supply of Maitake was given to each HIV carrier at a dose level of 6 g of tablets or 20mg of purified MD-Fraction together with 4 g of tablets per day for 360d.

Results：
The main focus in monitoring the progress of HIV disease is CD4+ cells (helper T cells). The normal range of CD4+ cell count is 500-1,200 cells/10μl of blood. A level of 200-500 cells indicates that some damage has occured. Below 200 cells, the indivial is highly susceptible to secondary diseases. An elevated viral load indicates an increased risk of damage to CD4+ cells. The significance of these activities in regard to HIV infection relates to the immune system. Both IL-2 and interferon are activated by the immune system response to infection by viral disease. After administration of Maitake tablets for 12 mo to 35 respondents (24 in England and 11 in U.S.A.), 20 responders reported an increase in CD4+ cell counts and 8 reported a decrease , as shown in Table 1. Nine respondents reported an increase in viral load, 10 reported a decrease and 2 patients reported static, Typical indivial results were as follows.

Discussion：
The MD-Fraction exhibited an enhancing effect on CD4+ cells, the target cells of HIV, upon oral administration in animals (Hishida et al., 1988). Even though it was a non-controlled trial, this clinical study indicated that MD-Fraction and Maitake powder were effective in patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, or liver cancer. These human tests suggest that the active ingredients of Maitake have significant healing and preventative potential in HIV-responders by stimulating the immune system. The present study indicates that when MD-Fraction and Maitake enhanced the activities of immuno-competent cells such as macrophages, cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) or helper T cell (CD4+), the HIV in CD4+ cells was directly killed or its multiplication was suppressed. However, even if these cellular activities were increased by MD-Fraction, HIV in CD4+ cells of AIDS patients did not decrease. All of the results shown here indicate that there is evidence to support a more structured investigation in to the potential benefits of Maitake and MD-Fraction in the treatment of HIV infection. The results also indicate that this trial study needs to be done on a larger scales, as many questions remain unanswered.

Literature cited：
Hishida I., Nanba H. And Kuroda H. 1988. Anti-tumor activity exhibited by oral administeredextract from fruit body of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 36:1819-1827.
Nanba H., Hamaguchi A. and Kuroda H. 1987. The chemical structure of an anti-tumorpolysaccharide in fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 35:1162-1168.
Nanba H. and George S. R. 1993. Effects of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) for HIV-positive orfibroid tumor patients. 113th Congr. Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, Osaka, Japan, March29-31, p.212.
Nanba H.1993. Anti-tumor activity of orally administered D-Fraction from Maitake mushroomGrifola frondosa. J Naturopath. Med. 4: 10-15.