空氣污染的英文
1. 英語作文空氣污染
Air pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world. A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern instrial nations. Automobile, trains, planes and busses need energy, too. Nearly all of this energy is proced by burning fuels. The burning proces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution. Scientists are finding ways to stop air pollution especially in big instrial areas and densely-populated cities. They are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less damaging to the environment. In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluted material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment. However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a "clean" world. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. There indeed seems to be no end to tasks that environmentalists will be required to do. People will continually find new ways to control pollution.
2. 一篇空氣污染的英語作文,急
Air pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world
Air pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world. A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern instrial nations. Automobile, trains, planes and busses need energy, too. Nearly all of this energy is proced by burning fuels. The burning proces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution.
Scientists are finding ways to stop air pollution especially in big instrial areas and densely-populated cities. They are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less damaging to the environment. In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluted material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment.
However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a "clean" world. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. There indeed seems to be no end to tasks that environmentalists will be required to do. People will continually find new ways to control pollution.
3. 我要有關空氣污染的詳細解釋。要英文的。還有中文解釋
保證標准,正確!
英文:
1 Introction
Over the past 20 years, living in a modern building was showing some of the more serious pathological response, the issue has aroused extensive attention from experts and scholars. As a result, sick building (Sick Building and sick building syndrome (SBS, Sick Building Syndrome emerged in the concept. At the same time, a number of air-conditioning syndrome (such as red eyes, runny nose, sore throat, headache, Fakun, etc.). So that people's physical and mental health has been a great impact, recing the efficiency of the work, sickness and medical costs and other issues have also emerged. As a result, indoor air quality (IAQ) The question has now become the built environment
The new field of research. This article discusses the impact of indoor air-quality improvements and a major factor.
2 air-quality concept
First on indoor air quality is defined as a series of indicators of the concentration of pollutants. However, with continuing deep research, has found that this can not be completely covered by the definition of indoor air quality.
89 in the indoor air quality discussion at the meeting, the University of Copenhagen, Denmark P. O. Fanger, a professor: the so-called quality is reflected in meeting the requirements of the people, such as people with satisfaction that high-quality; is not satisfied with low quality. Britain's CIBSE (Charted Instituteof Building Services Engineers): If the room is less than 50% of the people to be able to detect any odor, less than 20% of people feel uncomfortable, less than 10% of the film to stimulate the feeling of exclusion, and less than 5% in less than 2% of the time was agitated, at this time of the indoor air quality is acceptable. The two have a common indoor air quality is to become fully people's subjective feelings.
In the ASHRAE Standard 62-1989R, put forward an acceptable indoor air quality (acceptable indoor air quality) and to feel acceptable indoor air quality (acceptable perceived in-door air gualitg) concept. Acceptable indoor air quality is defined as: air-conditioned rooms of the vast majority of people are not satisfied that no air and no air pollutants known to be reached may be a serious threat to human health concentration. Feel acceptable indoor air quality is defined as: air-conditioned rooms of the vast majority of people did not smell or irritation and discontent that it is acceptable indoor air quality, a necessary condition, not a sufficient condition. Some, such as gas co, struggle, and so on, are very harmful, but without stimulating, it is only
Feel with an acceptable indoor air quality is not enough.
3 indoor air quality, the causes of the problem
Caused by indoor air quality problem in general there are two types: first, HVAC (HVAC) system design or improper operation; Second, the various sources of pollutants generated.
The first reason is generally taken to include: ① ventilation and air distribution problems such as lack of fresh air, indoor air distribution, and so bad; ② thermal comfort between the title when the room does not meet the desired temperature and humidity, people will complain about the quality of indoor air.
The second category include: ① the deterioration of the outdoor air (or from the new wind of the population, such as doors and windows into the human pollutants); ② cross-contamination, as the design of the room when the improper distribution of pressure caused by an underground car park, print room, smoking Area, restaurants and so on the distribution of pollution in the construction of the logistics people in other regions; ③ indoor pollution, such as indoor office equipment, furniture, play equipment, such as pollutants generated; ④ microbial contamination, often by setting air-conditioning or water leakage.
Indoor air quality problems can be divided into two aspects of subjective and objective: Indoor various physical parameters such as temperature and humidity, the concentration of gaseous pollutants on objective factors such as indoor air quality impact (although it has not yet fully understand how it is And how much impact); at the same time, people's state of mind, sensitive to the outside world, subjective factors such as gender differences may also result in indoor air quality of different responses.
3 impact on indoor air quality factors
3.1 Building factor
3.1.1 indoor pollution sources
Generally agreed that indoor pollution comes mainly from the following 4 aspects: ① building envelope and its surface materials; ② indoor environmental conditions; ③ and the number of indoor activities; ④ HVAC equipment and systems. For the surface structure of the building materials harmful substances distributed mechanism to disseminate the law, and the calculation of inhibition and quantitative measurement of a number of research results, but not quite perfect. With the further study of the deep who will help control indoor air pollution.
3.1.2 outdoor environmental impact
Outdoor and indoor environment is linked to the outdoor will have its impact on indoor pollution. In the absence of outdoor, instrial pollution under the conditions of transport vehicles distributed by the impact of VOC gases. Research shows that no matter indoors or outdoors, always from the ground, the higher the lower the VOC content. It is generally believed by building a larger impact on the outside. At the same time a series of indoor pollution caused by VOC is always higher than the outside, such as Rio de Janeiro, Brazil indoor VOC concentration for an average of 304.3 a 1679.9 mg/m3, compared with 22 outdoor and a 643.2 mg/m3.
3.2 Building non-factor
3.2.1 wind of the new issues
As the design or operation of misconct arising from the issue of the new wind of fresh air and fresh air, including two aspects of cleanliness.
Fresh Air is the design of air conditioning on indoor air quality up to consider the question, in various stages of development of the air-conditioning, the ventilation standards are also different. The traditional concept of the view that the new wind to clear the people arising from the biological pollution, the smallest room of fresh air to determine the only person from the smallest to identify indicators of fresh air. However, with the development of science and technology, modern architecture found in his loaded materials, furniture, office supplies some of the air-conditioning and ventilation system itself is a source of pollution, and its smell is far more than were generated by. As a result, the ASHRAE Standard 62-1989R, that used to determine the volume of outdoor air and indoor pollutants from the two sources of gas, so the smallest room of fresh air per person shall be a minimum of fresh air per square area of indicators and the required minimum Wind together to identify new targets. In addition, the air conditioning running, with the load of indoor ventilation and the efficiency of the changes, in order to rece energy consumption, indoor air traffic will be corresponding changes, but in order to meet the people's health and comfort to determine the volume of outdoor air should not occur too Big changes. ASHRAE Standard 62-1989R relating to variable air volume control of the content made it clear that the entire operation of the variable air volume, fresh air should always keep in the design of more than 90% of fresh air.
Cleanliness of fresh air has also been concern. This was mainly derived from an outdoor environment, the graal deterioration of the serious air pollution, fresh air quality. Therefore, the new wind of the deal has been discussed, a new three-level winds will filter the idea came into being. The so-called fresh air filter is the traditional three new units in the wind with only coarse filter effect of the situation, in addition to containing coarse filter efficiency, but also with effect even in high-performance filter design. This design of the biggest advantages is reced greatly from person to bring a new atmosphere of the indoor st concentrations of bacteria, to some extent at the same time extend the life of the system components. But in addition to indoor air quality related to outdoor pollutants, is more subject to microbial contamination of the indoor and gaseous pollution. As a result, the new three-tier air filter for indoor air quality problem-solving role in the end how much the new air filter should consider whether other outdoor pollutants to filter the problems that remain to be further studied.
3.2.2 the impact of pollutants
Non-factor in the construction of more sources of pollutants, including solid particles, gases and harmful micro-organisms. As a result of micro-organisms in general and more dependent on the spread of liquid or solid particles, so the pollutants into particles and pollutants harmful gas pollutants.
Particle pollutants according to their particle size, respectively, will be infected with the human respiratory tract and lungs. More types of gaseous pollutants, with the exception of CO, C02, NH3 and oxygen, and other well-known, there are organic compounds (volatile). It is generally believed that these pollutants on human respiratory system, cardiovascular system and the nervous system has a greater influence, and even cancer. But the survey shows that even if people complain that very often, but in most cases do not have a single standard pollutants. The best interpretation of this result was e to a variety of pollutants rather than one caused by the impact of indoor air quality complaints, as well as people of the existing concentration of pollutants indicators of comprehensive scientific and raised doubts.
4 to improve indoor air quality measures
Can be summed up in the following three aspects: first, building design and construction of surface materials, in particular the choice of how to improve, and the other is to ensure sufficient fresh air and fresh air to strengthen and return air filter, three air-conditioning system is to ensure that the correct design and rigorous The operation management and maintenance.
4.1 has a number of provisions of foreign rule
Require the construction of housing and must be based on solid selection of rable and not to disseminate material harmful substances may not be the use of tropical timber, and the envelope must be waterproof material Gechao. Ventilation and air conditioning for the following:
(1) construction must be very good insulation, and to ensure good air tightness;
(2) must be considered in the design window to the South for energy;
(3) to avoid the cold surface, no air infiltration;
(4) in the north as far as possible to get wind of new people;
(5) The decision of the new air pollution outside the entrance location;
(6) adequate ventilation and air return, the air straight to the people;
(7) should have the possibility of redistribution of people indoors, especially at night to the bedroom;
(8) in the ct must be avoided in the breeding and micro-organisms have the potential clean-up;
(9) enables users to easily understand how to clean and maintain ventilation.
In addition there are some health experts to achieve the goal of building should be as follows:
(1) the smallest suspended particles and biological contamination;
(2) control of indoor relative humidity levels;
(3) the smallest amount of air infiltration;
(4) to rece VOC volatile;
(5) to improve energy efficiency and the efficiency of resource use;
(6) provide for the residents of the ventilation controls.
These requirements are quite stringent, it is necessary to meet the demands of the high level of technology and strict quality checks.
4.2 on the fresh air
In many indoor air-quality findings are referred to the inadequate supply of fresh air. Some air-conditioning systems in the transformation of the increased volume of outdoor air, which will help improve indoor air quality. As already mentioned in the new ASHRAE standard in the human body according to the requirements of fresh air and dilution of indoor pollution to determine requirements. The problem is the wind of the new air-conditioning systems are often subject to pollution and deterioration of the quality, in which case, even if the increased volume of outdoor air can not change the indoor air quality. In addition, because into the air mixed with a substantial proportion of air return, and generally difficult to get rid of filters in air return with low VOC concentration of gases and bacteria, and so on, from this point of view, to rece wind and increase the volume of outdoor air And even a new air system will help improve indoor air quality.
5, a few points
To sum up, foreign to the indoor air quality problems and is attached great importance to the very seriously. The following combination of a number of domestic cases like to express my views:
(1) China's indoor air quality research has just begun, and some colleagues have already made some achievements in a number of activities, made some achievements, but overall, the degree of attention and publicity is not enough.
(2) building and HVAC need to change our concepts, the establishment of a new awareness in the design of a careful selection should start to consider the construction of pollution factors, the establishment of air-conditioning health point of view, the change of a single air heat and moisture to deal with, plus people to deal with biochemistry, Actively develop new technologies and new procts. In considering the design of effective air supply, rece the use of air supply and ventilation tube Feng efficient, the new people close to the wind in the form of air distribution.
(3) organization is best measured on-site manpower, air-conditioning system for monitoring air pollution, indoor monitoring apparatus and equipment, construction materials emission of harmful substances and its impact on indoor air pollution. To fight with the relevant professional, but also for environmental protection, health care sector.
(4) of the proposed HVAC design specifications in the relevant sections to make the necessary changes, additions and deletions.
(5) air-conditioning systems maintenance and management is very important, the system must be cleaned regularly to prevent pollution of air flow. This should be strict management and operation of the laws and regulations and strictly enforced.
漢語寫不下了,告訴我你的郵箱,我發給你
4. 空氣污染很嚴重,用英語怎麼說
空氣污染很嚴重的英文:air pollution is very serious.
短語:
1、hot air吹牛;大話
2、air pressure氣壓;風壓
3、air compressor空氣壓縮機
air 讀法 英 [eə(r)] 美 [er]
示例:
Keith opened the window and leaned out into the cold air.
基斯打開窗戶,探出身到冷風中。
(4)空氣污染的英文擴展閱讀
詞語用法:
1、air用作動詞的基本意思是「晾,曬,吹」,指在通風暖和處晾〔曬,吹〕衣服、被子等。引申可作「炫耀; 訴說」解,指炫耀〔訴說〕自己的想法或苦衷。
2、air可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。用作及物動詞時接名詞或代詞作賓語。air後接副詞out表示「通通風,透透空氣,晾一晾」。
3、指「空氣」時,air前通常不加the,只在theairwe breathe等表達中才用the。特指「空中」時,air前加the, 而byair不用the。
詞義辨析:
gas, atmosphere, air這些名詞均與空氣有關。
1、gas指氣態物,尤指供燃燒取暖或照明的氣體,其中一部分稱作瓦斯。
2、atmosphere指圍繞有的星球,特別是圍繞地球的空氣,即大氣層。也可指環境氣氛。
3、air指空氣,也泛指一般氣體。
5. 空氣污染的英語作文
Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world. As is shown in the cartoon, two cars are giving off waste gas and three people are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas by masking their face with their hands. The poisonous gas sent off by factories, domestic appliances and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.
[2.意義闡述段] There is no denying that automobiles are indications of civilization, progreand development; neverthele, automobiles cause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientists have warned that unleeffective measures are taken, the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand. Actually, people are showing a real concern over the problem. For example, there is an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm action against pollution from automobiles.
6. 求空氣污染的英語四級作文 air pollution
air pollution
air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage. they can travel hundreds of miles in the wind before falling to the ground in the rain. but this "chemical rain" graally destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. in germany, over 50% of the country's trees had been damaged by the year 1986.
time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air. in 1986 there was a bad accident at a nuclear power station in russia. a cloud of radiation crossed the whole of europe. it is said that 125,000 people died in russia as a result of illnesses caused by this accident.
in 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in india and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of bhopal. over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured. many of the injured lost their sight.
[參考譯文]
空氣污染
空氣污染來自工廠、電站和汽車。電站發出的煙霧中所含的化學物質造成很大的破壞。這些化學物質可以隨風飄走幾百英里,然後才隨雨水降落地面。但是這種化學雨逐漸摧毀森林裡的樹木,殺死湖泊中的魚。在德國,到1986年止,全國已經有過半數的樹木被摧殘。
空氣被污染的嚴重事故不時地在發生。1986年俄羅斯一座核電站發生過一起嚴重事故。一團帶有輻射的塵埃穿越了整個歐洲。據說,在俄羅斯有125 000人由於這次事故引起的疾病而死亡。
1984年印度一家工廠發生了一起嚴重事故,一團有危險的氣體籠罩著博帕爾市,當晚就有2 500多人死亡,有成千上萬人受傷,受傷者中有許多人雙目失明。
7. 用英語翻譯:大氣污染
air pollution
祝你開心。
8. 空氣污染的原因 英文版
來自生活
9. 空氣污染的英語是什麼
air pollution
空氣污染